气态氧无色、无臭、无味的气体。
液态氧为淡蓝色液体,沸点-182.96℃,90.188K(1个大气压)。
固态氧熔点-218.79℃,54.36K(1个大气压),
总***有6种不同的相态的固体氧是已知存在的:?
α相:浅蓝色,在1个大气压下,温度低于23.8 K,单斜晶体结构。?
β相:淡蓝色并夹杂粉红色,在1个大气压,温度低于43.8 K下存在,菱面体晶体结构(在室温及高温压力开始转变为O4)。?
γ-相:淡蓝色,在1个大气压,温度54.36 K下存在,立方晶体结构。?
δ相:橙色,通过施加9GPa的压强,在室温下存在。?
ε相:暗红色到黑色,在室温下,压强超过10GPa下存在。
ζ相:金属的形式,在压强超过96 GPa下存在。
固态氧颜色描述原文资料参考(以上中文描述翻译于这段文字):
————For?wiκiрediα————
A total of 6 different?phases?of solid oxygen are known to exist:
α-phase:?light blue?— forms at 1 atm below 23.8 K,?monoclinic?crystal structure.
β-phase:?faint blue?to?pink?— forms at 1 atm below 43.8 K, rhombohedral crystal structure, (at room temperature and high pressure begins transformation to tetraoxygen).
γ-phase:?faint blue?— forms at 1 atm below 54.36 K, cubic crystal structure.
δ-phase:?orange?— forms at room temperature by applying a pressure of?9?GPa
ε-phase:?dark-red?to?black?— forms at room temperature at pressures greater than 10 GPa
ζ-phase:?metallic?— forms at pressures greater than?96?GPa
? It has been known that oxygen is solidified into a state called the β-phase at room temperature by applying pressure, and with further increasing pressure, the β-phase undergoes?phase transitions?to the δ-phase at 9 GPa and the ε-phase at 10 GPa; and, due to the increase in?molecular interactions, the color of the β-phase changes to pink, orange, then red (the stable octaoxygen phase), and the red color further darkens to black with increasing pressure. It was found that a metallic ζ-phase appears at 96 GPa when ε-phase oxygen is further compressed.
顺便贴些液氧的实物照片作为参考(蓝色很淡):